ER Stress-induced Autophagy Antibody Sampler Kit

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ER Stress-induced Autophagy Antibody Sampler Kit

品牌： CST

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产品介绍

产品信息

荧光素标记

Unconjugated

抗原名称

ER Stress-induced Autophagy

简单描述

The ER Stress-induced Antibody Sampler Kit contains reagents to investigate ER stress-induced signaling within the cell. The kit contains enough primary antibodies to perform four western blot experiments per primary antibody.

研究领域

癌症,细胞生物学,纤维化,代谢,神经科学,RNA 调节与翻译调控

背景

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle with essential biosynthetic and signaling functions in eukaryotic cells (1). Post synthesis of secretory and transmembrane proteins on polysomes, proteins are translocated into the ER where they are often modified by disulfide bond formation, amino-linked glycosylation, and folding. Different physiological and pathological conditions can disturb proper protein folding in the ER causing ER stress (1). ER stress activates an intracellular signaling transduction pathway called unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy to avoid cell death (2). The main role of UPR is to improve the protein load on the ER by shutting down protein translation and gene transcription to enhance ER's folding capacity (2). On the other hand, autophagy is a catabolic process for the autophagosomic-lysosomal degradation of bulk cytoplasmc contents (3,4). One of the chaperones aiding in proper protein folding is Binding immunoglobulin Protein (BiP) (5,6). BiP works by binding to misfolded proteins to prevent them from forming aggregates and assists in proper refolding (7). The molecular machinery of autophagy was largely discovered in yeast and referred to as autophagy-related (Atg) genes. Formation of the autophagosome involves a ubiquitin-like conjugation system in which Atg12 is covalently bound to Atg5 and targeted to autophagosome vesicles (8-10). One of the proteins critical to autophagy process is Beclin-1, the mammalian orthologue of the yeast autophagy protein Apg6/Vps30 (11). Beclin-1 can complement defects in yeast autophagy caused by loss of Apg6 and can also stimulate autophagy when overexpressed in mammalian cells (12). Mammalian Beclin-1 was originally isolated in a yeast two-hybrid screen for Bcl-2 interacting proteins and has been shown to interact with Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, but not with Bax or Bak (13). Phosphorylation of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2) α subunit is a well-documented mechanism to downregulate protein synthesis under a variety of stress conditions. eIF2 binds GTP and Met-tRNAi and transfers Met-tRNA to the 40S subunit to form the 43S preinitiation complex (14,15). Kinases that are activated by viral infection (PKR) can phosphorylate the α subunit of eIF2 (16,17). Induction of PKR by IFN-γ and TNF-α induces potent phosphorylation of eIF2α at Ser51 (18,19). There are three SAPK/JNK genes each of which undergoes alternative splicing, resulting in numerous isoforms (20). The IRE1, a transmembrane serine/threonine kinase (21,22), through its kinase activity activates SAPK/JNK in the early stage of ER stress in order to induce autophagosome formation (23). 1.Verfaillie, T. et al. (2010) Int J Cell Biol 2010, 930509. 2.Ogata, M. et al. (2006) Mol Cell Biol 26, 9220-31. 3.Reggiori, F. and Klionsky, D.J. (2002) Eukaryot Cell 1, 11-21. 4.Codogno, P. and Meijer, A.J. (2005) Cell Death Differ 12 Suppl 2, 1509-18. 5.Wabl, M. and Steinberg, C. (1982) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 79, 6976-8. 6.Haas, I.G. and Wabl, M. (2002) Nature 306, 387-9. 7.Kohno, K. et al. (1993) Mol Cell Biol 13, 877-90. 8.Mizushima, N. et al. (1998) J Biol Chem 273, 33889-92. 9.Mizushima, N. et al. (1998) Nature 395, 395-8. 10.Suzuki, K. et al. (2001) EMBO J 20, 5971-81. 11.Kametaka, S. et al. (1998) J Biol Chem 273, 22284-91. 12.Liang, X.H. et al. (1999) Nature 402, 672-6. 13.Liang, X.H. et al. (1998) J Virol 72, 8586-96. 14.Kimball, S.R. (1999) Int J Biochem Cell Biol 31, 25-9. 15.de Haro, C. et al. (1996) FASEB J 10, 1378-87. 16.Kaufman, R.J. (1999) Genes Dev 13, 1211-33. 17.Sheikh, M.S. and Fornace, A.J. (1999) Oncogene 18, 6121-8. 18.Cheshire, J.L. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 4801-6. 19.Zamanian-Daryoush, M. et al. (2000) Mol Cell Biol 20, 1278-90. 20.Kyriakis, J.M. and Avruch, J. (2001) Physiol Rev 81, 807-69. 21.Nikawa, J. and Yamashita, S. (1992) Mol Microbiol 6, 1441-6. 22.Cox, J.S. et al. (1993) Cell 73, 1197-206. 23.Urano, F. et al. (2000) Science 287, 664-6.

研究领域

癌症,细胞生物学,纤维化,代谢,神经科学,RNA 调节与翻译调控

翻译后修饰

phosphate

数据库链接

Entrez-Gene ID

5599,1965,3309,8678,9140

UniProt ID

P45983,P05198,P11021,Q14457,O94817

参考图片

Simple Western™ analysis of lysates (0.1 mg/mL) from MCF-7 cells using eIF2α (D7D3) XP® Rabbit mAb #5324. The virtual lane view (left) shows a single target band (as indicated) at 1:50 and 1:250 dilutions of primary antibody. The corresponding electropherogram view (right) plots chemiluminescence by molecular weight along the capillary at 1:50 (blue line) and 1:250 (green line) dilutions of primary antibody. This experiment was performed under reducing conditions on the Jess™ Simple Western instrument from ProteinSimple, a BioTechne brand, using the 12-230 kDa separation module.

Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell lines using BiP (C50B12) Rabbit mAb.

Western blot analysis of extracts from C2C12 cells, untreated or thapsigargin-treated, using Phospho-eIF2α (Ser51) (D9G8) XP® Rabbit mAb (upper) or eIF2α Antibody #9722 (lower).

Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell lines using Beclin-1 (D40C5) Rabbit mAb.

Western blot analysis of HeLa cell extracts, untransfected (lane 1), mock-transfected (lane 2) or transfected with SignalSilence® SAPK/JNK siRNA I #6232 (lane 3) or SignalSilence® SAPK/JNK siRNA II #6233 (lane 4) for 72 hours, using JNK1 (2C6) Mouse mAb.

Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell lines using Atg12 (D88H11) Rabbit mAb.

Western blot analysis of extracts from 293 cells, untreated or UV-treated, NIH/3T3 cells, untreated or UV-treated and C6 cells, untreated or anisomycin-treated, using Phospho-SAPK/JNK (Thr183/Tyr185) (81E11) Rabbit mAb.

Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell lines using eIF2α (D7D3) XP® Rabbit mAb.

After the primary antibody is bound to the target protein, a complex with HRP-linked secondary antibody is formed. The LumiGLO® is added and emits light during enzyme catalyzed decomposition.

After the primary antibody is bound to the target protein, a complex with HRP-linked secondary antibody is formed. The LumiGLO* is added and emits light during enzyme catalyzed decomposition.

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human glioblastoma using BiP (C50B12) Rabbit mAb.

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human colon carcinoma, untreated (left) or λ phosphatase-treated (right), using Phopsho-eIF2α (Ser51) (D9G8) XP® Rabbit mAb.

Immunoprecipitation/western blot analysis of lysates from HeLa cells. Lane 1 contains lysate input (10%), lane 2 was immunoprecipitated with non-specific rabbit IgG, lane 3 was immunoprecipitated with eIF2α (D7D3) XP® Rabbit mAb #5324. Western blot analysis was performed using eIF2α (L57A5) Mouse mAb #2103.

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung carcinoma using Phospho-eIF2α (Ser51) (D9G8) XP® Rabbit mAb.

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lymphoma using Phospho-eIF2α (Ser51) (D9G8) XP® Rabbit mAb.

Immunoprecipitation of Phospho-eIF2α (Ser51) protein from AR42J + Thapsigargin #12758 (1 µM, 20 min) cell extracts. Lane 1 is 10% input, lane 2 is Rabbit (DA1E) mAb IgG XP® Isotype Control #3900, and lane 3 is Phospho-eIF2α (Ser51) (D9G8) XP® Rabbit mAb. Western blot analysis was performed using Phospho-eIF2α (Ser51) (D9G8) XP® Rabbit mAb. Mouse Anti-rabbit IgG (Conformation Specific) (L27A9) mAb #3678 was used as a secondary antibody.

Western blot analysis of extracts from HeLa cells, transfected with 100 nM SignalSilence® Control siRNA (Unconjugated) #6568 (-), SignalSilence® Beclin-1 siRNA I #6222 (+) or SignalSilence® Beclin-1 siRNA II (+), using Beclin-1 (D40C5) XP® Rabbit mAb #3495 (upper) or α-Tubulin (11H10) Rabbit mAb #2125 (lower). The Beclin-1 (D40C5) XP® Rabbit mAb confirms silencing of Beclin-1 expression, while the α-Tubulin (11H10) Rabbit mAb is used to control for loading and specificity of Beclin-1 siRNA.

Western blot analysis of extracts from indicated cell lines, untreated or UV-treated (40 J/m2, 30 min recovery), using JNK1 (2C6) Mouse mAb.

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung carcinoma using Phospho-SAPK/JNK (Thr183/Tyr185) (81E11) Rabbit mAb in the presence of control peptide (left) or Phospho-SAPK/JNK (Thr183/Tyr185) Blocking Peptide #1215 (right).

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human colon carcinoma using BiP (C50B12) Rabbit mAb.

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded 293T cells untreated (left) or UV-treated (right) using Phospho-SAPK/JNK (Thr183/Tyr185) (81E11) Rabbit mAb.

Simple Western™ analysis of lysates (1.0 mg/mL) from HEK 293 cells treated with UV (50 mJ, 30 min recovery) using Phospho-SAPK/JNK (Thr183/Tyr185) (81E11) Rabbit mAb #4668. The virtual lane view (left) shows two target bands (as indicated) at 1:10 and 1:50 dilutions of primary antibody. The corresponding electropherogram view (right) plots chemiluminescence by molecular weight along the capillary at 1:10 (blue line) and 1:50 (green line) dilutions of primary antibody. This experiment was performed under reducing conditions on the Jess™ Simple Western instrument from ProteinSimple, a BioTechne brand, using the 12-230 kDa separation module.

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung carcinoma using eIF2α (D7D3) XP® Rabbit mAb.

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human hepatocellular carcinoma using BiP (C50B12) Rabbit mAb.

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded mouse colon using eIF2α (D7D3) XP® Rabbit mAb.

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human breast carcinoma using BiP (C50B12) Rabbit mAb in the presence of control peptide (left) or BiP Blocking Peptide #1084 (right).

Flow cytometric analysis of A204 cells using BiP (C50B12) Rabbit mAb (blue) compared to concentration-matched Rabbit (DA1E) mAb IgG XP® Isotype Control #3900 (red). Anti-rabbit IgG (H+L), F(ab')2 Fragment (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate) #4412 was used as a secondary antibody.

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89947T

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