MHC Class II(I-A/I-E)(M5/114.15.2) Rat mAb (violetFluor 450)

Major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC class II) molecules are heterodimeric, transmembrane glycoproteins expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells. Expression can also be induced on other cell types through interferon-γ signaling (1). Prior to being displayed on the cell membrane, MHC class II molecules are loaded with exogenous peptide antigens approximately 15-24 amino acids in length that were derived from endocytosed extracellular proteins digested in the lysosome (2). Antigen-presentation through MHC class II is required for T cell activation during the immune response to extracellular pathogens (2). In humans, the MHC class II protein complex is encoded by the human leukocyte antigen gene complex (HLA). HLAs corresponding to MHC class II are HLA-DP, HLA-DM, HLA-DOA, HLA-DOB, HLA-DQ, and HLA-DR (3).The M5/114.15.2 antibody reacts with mouse MHC class II, both I-A and I-E subregion-encoded glycoproteins (I-Ab, I-Ad, I-Aq, I-Ed, I-Ek, not I-Af, I-Ak, or I-As). It detects a polymorphic determinant present on B cells, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and activated T lymphocytes from mice carrying the H-2b, H-2d, H-2q, H-2p, H-2r and H-2u haplotypes, but not from mice carrying the H-2s or H-2f haplotypes (4-7). The M5/114 mAb is reported to inhibit I-A-restricted T cell responses of the H-2b, H-2d, H-2q, and H-2u haplotypes, but not H-2f, H-2k, or H-2s haplotypes (8,9). 1.Ting, J.P. and Trowsdale, J. (2002) Cell 109 Suppl, S21-33. 2.Cresswell, P. (1994) Annu Rev Immunol 12, 259-93. 3.Karp, D.R. et al. (1990) J Exp Med 171, 615-28. 4.Staehli, F. et al. (2012) J Immunol 188, 3820-8. 5.Scarlett, U.K. et al. (2012) J Exp Med 209, 495-506. 6.Anderson, M.S. and Miller, J. (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89, 2282-6. 7.Miyazaki, T. et al. (1996) Cell 84, 531-41. 8.Parra, D. et al. (2012) J Leukoc Biol 91, 525-36. 9.Chen, M. et al. (2011) J Immunol 187, 5684-92.