NLRP3 (D2P5E) Rabbit mAb

The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) family of proteins is a diverse family of cytoplasmic innate immune receptors. They are characterized by the presence of an amino-terminal effector domain, which is often either a caspase activation and recruitment domain (CARD) or a pyrin domain (PYD), followed by a NACHT domain and carboxy-terminal leucine-rich-repeats (LRR) involved in recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) (1). NLR proteins play a variety of roles during the innate immune response including pathogen sensing, transcriptional activation of proinflammatory cytokines through NF-κB, transcriptional activation of type I interferons through IRFs, and formation of inflammasomes leading to activation of inflammatory caspases (1-7).NLRP3 is an inflammasome-forming NLR that activates caspase-1 leading to maturation of IL-1β and IL-18 (8). The NLRP3 inflammasome is assembled in response to a wide variety of microbial and endogenous stimuli, and therefore it is unlikely the NLRP3 directly interacts with its activators (8). NLRP3 is expressed at highest levels in dendritic cells, monocytes, and macrophages (9). 1.Elinav, E. et al. (2011) Immunity 34, 665-79. 2.Inohara, N. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 14560-7. 3.Ogura, Y. et al. (2001) J Biol Chem 276, 4812-8. 4.Sabbah, A. et al. (2009) Nat Immunol 10, 1073-80. 5.Mariathasan, S. et al. (2004) Nature 430, 213-8. 6.Agostini, L. et al. (2004) Immunity 20, 319-25. 7.Martinon, F. et al. (2002) Mol Cell 10, 417-26. 8.Franchi, L. et al. (2012) Nat Immunol 13, 325-32. 9.Guarda, G. et al. (2011) J Immunol 186, 2529-34.