Rac1/2/3 Recombinant Rabbit mAb (S-2720-10)

Rac1/2/3 are highly homologous Rho-family small GTPases that cycle between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound state to act as molecular switches relaying extracellular cues to the actin cytoskeleton, thereby orchestrating cell migration, adhesion, membrane ruffling, phagocytosis, and NADPH oxidase–mediated ROS production; while Rac1 is ubiquitously expressed and essential for lamellipodium formation, Rac2 is hematopoietic-specific and predominantly regulates neutrophil ROS generation and chemotaxis, and Rac3, enriched in brain and muscle, fine-tunes neurite outgrowth and synaptic plasticity, yet all three isoforms share overlapping upstream regulators (e.g., Vav, Tiam1, P-Rex1) and downstream effectors (e.g., PAKs, WAVE, formins) and are frequently hyperactivated in cancer, immune disorders, and cardiovascular disease, making them attractive therapeutic targets.