Rational design of a trispecific antibody targeting the HIV-1 Env with elevated anti-viral activity

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James J Steinhardt, Javier Guenaga, Hannah L Turner, Krisha McKee, Mark K Louder, Sijy O'Dell, Chi-I Chiang, Lin Lei, Andrey Galkin, Alexander K Andrianov, Nicole A Doria-Rose, Robert T Bailer, Andrew B Ward, John R Mascola, Yuxing Li

  • Nat Commun
  • 2018
  • 14.7
  • 2018 Feb 28;9(1):877.
  • 10.1038/s41467-018-03335-4
  • 艾滋病
  • 免疫,微生物学

Abstract

HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) are being explored as passively administered therapeutic and preventative agents. However, the extensively diversified HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Env) rapidly acquire mutations to evade individual bNAbs in monotherapy regimens. The use of a "single" agent to simultaneously target distinct Env epitopes is desirable to overcome viral diversity. Here, we report the use of tandem single-chain variable fragment (ScFv) domains of two bNAbs, specific for the CD4-binding site and V3 glycan patch, to form anti-HIV-1 bispecific ScFvs (Bi-ScFvs). The optimal Bi-ScFv crosslinks adjacent protomers within one HIV-1 Env spike and has greater neutralization breadth than its parental bNAbs. Furthermore, the combination of this Bi-ScFv with a third bNAb recognizing the Env membrane proximal external region (MPER) results in a trispecific bNAb, which has nearly pan-isolate neutralization breadth and high potency. Thus, multispecific antibodies combining functional moieties of bNAbs could achieve outstanding neutralization capacity with augmented avidity.
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