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mTNF-a QKit PharmPak (1 Pack)
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mTNF-a QKit PharmPak (1 Pack)

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品牌: R&D Systems
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Product Summary

The Quantikine Mouse TNF-alpha Immunoassay is a 4.5 hour solid phase ELISA designed to measure mouse TNF-alpha levels in cell culture supernates, serum, and plasma. It contains E. coli-expressed recombinant mouse TNF-alpha and antibodies raised against the recombinant factor. This immunoassay has been shown to quantitate the recombinant mouse TNF-alpha accurately. Results obtained using natural mouse TNF-alpha showed dose-response curves that were parallel to the standard curves obtained using the recombinant kit standards. These results indicate that this kit can be used to determine relative mass values for natural mouse TNF-alpha.

Precision

Intra-Assay Precision (Precision within an assay)
Inter-Assay Precision (Precision between assays)

Cell Culture Supernates

Intra-Assay PrecisionInter-Assay Precision
Sample123123
n202020202020
Mean (pg/mL)54.611640552.6138373
Standard Deviation1.54.5112.54.618.4929.7
CV%2.73.93.18.86.28

Serum, EDTA Plasma, Heparin Plasma

Intra-Assay PrecisionInter-Assay Precision
Sample123123
n202020202020
Mean (pg/mL)50.513437553146388
Standard Deviation1.914.9511.53.698.4229.7
CV%3.83.73.175.87.7

Recovery

The recovery of mouse TNF-alpha spiked to three levels throughout the range of the assay in various matrices was evaluated.

Sample TypeAverage % RecoveryRange %
Cell Culture Supernates (n=6)10494-111
EDTA Plasma (n=4)9585-103
Heparin Plasma (n=4)9286-98
Serum (n=4)9488-106

Linearity

To assess the linearity of the assay, samples were spiked with various concentrations of mouse TNF-alpha in each matrix, diluted with the appropriate Calibrator Diluent and then assayed.
Mouse TNF-alpha  ELISA Linearity

Scientific Data

Mouse TNF-alpha ELISA Cell Culture Supernate Standard Curve

Mouse TNF-alpha ELISA Serum/Plasma Standard Curve

Mouse TNF-alpha ELISA Kit - Quantikine HFD-induced plasma saturated free fatty acid (FFA) and lactate trigger production of proinflammatory cytokines and VEGF in mouse chondrocytes.(a~d) Relative mRNA levels of IL-6 (a), TNF-alpha (b), IL-1 beta (c) and VEGF (d) in the mouse primary chondrocytes treated with full or fractionated (>3 KD or <3 KD) serum from the 8-week ND or HFD-feeding mice. (n = 3, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.005). (e~h) Relative mRNA levels of IL-6 (e), TNF-alpha (f), IL-1 beta (g) and VEGF (h) in the mouse primary chondrocytes treated with BSA (5%) or BSA-linked FFA (18:0, 200 μM) for 24 h. (n = 3, *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01). (i~l) Relative mRNA expression of IL-6 (i), TNF-alpha (j), IL-1 beta (k) and VEGF (l) in the mouse primary chondrocytes treated with lactate (25 mM) or vehicle control for 24 h. (n = 3, *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26271607), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Assay Procedure

Refer to the product for complete assay procedure.

Bring all reagents and samples to room temperature before use. It is recommended that all samples, standards, and controls be assayed in duplicate.
  1.   Prepare all reagents, standard dilutions, and samples as directed in the product insert.
  2.   Remove excess microplate strips from the plate frame, return them to the foil pouch containing the desiccant pack, and reseal.

  3. 50 µL Assay Diluent
  4.   Add 50 µL of Assay Diluent to each well.

  5. 50 µL Standard, Control, or Sample
  6.   Add 50 µL of Standard, Control, or sample to each well. Cover with a plate sealer, and incubate at room temperature for 2 hours.
  7.   Aspirate each well and wash, repeating the process 4 times for a total of 5 washes.

  8. 100 µL Conjugate
  9.   Add 100 µL of Conjugate to each well. Cover with a new plate sealer, and incubate at room temperature for 2 hours.
  10.   Aspirate and wash 5 times.

  11. 100 µL Substrate Solution
  12.   Add 100 µL Substrate Solution to each well. Incubate at room temperature for 30 minutes. PROTECT FROM LIGHT.

  13. 100 µL Stop Solution
  14.   Add 100 µL of Stop Solution to each well. Read at 450 nm within 30 minutes. Set wavelength correction to 540 nm or 570 nm.

Mouse TNF-alpha Quantikine ELISA Kit Summary

Assay Length
4.5 hours
Sample Type & Volume Required Per Well
Cell Culture Supernates (50 uL), Serum (50 uL), EDTA Plasma (50 uL), Heparin Plasma (50 uL)
Sensitivity
7.21 pg/mL
Assay Range
10.9 - 700 pg/mL (Cell Culture Supernates, Serum, EDTA Plasma, Heparin Plasma)
Specificity
Natural and recombinant mouse TNF-alpha.
Cross-reactivity
< 0.5% cross-reactivity observed with available related molecules.< 50% cross-species reactivity observed with species tested.
Interference
Interference observed with 1 or more available related molecules.
背景
别名
APC1 protein,Cachectin,Cachetin,DIF,TNF,TNF, monocyte-derived,TNFA,TNF-A,TNFalpha,TNF-alpha,TNF-alphacachectin,TNFATNF, macrophage-derived,TNFG1F,TNFSF1A,TNFSF2,TNFSF2TNF superfamily, member 2,tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2),tumor necrosis factor alpha,Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2,tumor necrosis factor,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha
背景

Background: TNF-alpha

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha ), also known as cachectin and TNFSF1A, is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily (1). It is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a central role in inflammation, immune system development, apoptosis, and lipid metabolism (2-5). TNF-alpha is also involved in a number of pathological conditions including asthma, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, neuropathic pain, obesity, type 2 diabetes, septic shock, autoimmunity, and cancer (5-11).   

Mouse TNF-alpha is synthesized as a 26 kDa type II transmembrane protein that consists of a 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 179 aa extracellular domain (ECD) (12). Within the ECD, mouse TNF-alpha shares 95% aa identity with rat, and 80% aa identity with canine, equine, feline, human, rabbit, and porcine TNF-alpha. It is produced by a wide variety of immune, epithelial, endothelial, and tumor cells. TNF-alpha is assembled intracellularly to form a noncovalently linked homotrimer which is expressed on the cell surface (13). Cell surface TNF-alpha can both induce the lysis of tumor cells and virus infected cells, and generate its own downstream cell signaling following ligation by soluble TNF RI (14, 15). Shedding of membrane bound TNF-alpha by TACE/ADAM17 releases the bioactive cytokine, a 55 kDa soluble trimer containing the TNF-alpha extracellular domain (16-18).    
TNF-alpha binds the ubiquitous 55-60 kDa TNF RI (19, 20) and the hematopoietic cell-restricted 78-80 kDa TNF RII (21, 22), both of which are also expressed as homotrimers (1, 23). Both type I and type II receptors bind TNF-alpha with comparable affinity and can promote NFkB activation (24-27). Only TNF RI, however, contains a cytoplasmic death domain which triggers the activation of apoptosis (3, 28). Soluble forms of both types of receptors are released into human serum and urine, and can neutralize the biological activity of TNF (29-31).
Long Name:
Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha
Entrez Gene IDs:
7124 (Human); 21926 (Mouse); 24835 (Rat); 397086 (Porcine); 280943 (Bovine); 403922 (Canine); 102139631 (Cynomolgus Monkey); 100033834 (Equine); 493755 (Feline); 100009088 (Rabbit)
Alternate Names:
APC1 protein; Cachectin; Cachetin; DIF; TNF; TNF, monocyte-derived; TNFA; TNF-A; TNFalpha; TNF-alpha; TNF-alphacachectin; TNFATNF, macrophage-derived; TNFG1F; TNFSF1A; TNFSF2; TNFSF2TNF superfamily, member 2; tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2); tumor necrosis factor alpha; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2; tumor necrosis factor; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
制备和贮存
保存方式

Preparation and Storage

Shipping
The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Storage
Store the unopened product at 2 - 8 °C. Do not use past expiration date.
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货号:
PMTA00B
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